NCDC Raises Alarm: Peak Meningitis Season Worsens in Northern Nigeria
As Nigeria enters the peak of its meningitis season (November–May), the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has warned of a surge in Cerebrospinal Meningitis (CSM) cases, now spreading rapidly across 22 states and the FCT.
As of March 26, 2025, the NCDC recorded 807 suspected infections and 74 confirmed deaths. Director-General Dr. Jide Idris said the disease is hitting Kebbi, Katsina, Sokoto, and Gombe hardest.
“We’re experiencing a sharp spike in meningitis cases. Urgent intervention is required,” said Dr. Idris in a statement on Monday.
Hard-Hit States: Kebbi, Gombe, Katsina Lead Fatality Figures
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Kebbi State alone has reported 248 suspected cases and 26 deaths since January.
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In Gombe, 70 suspected cases have emerged with 31 confirmed infections and 3 fatalities.
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Katsina and Sokoto are also on red alert, with high transmission rates and fatalities.
“Meningitis spreads fast in overcrowded spaces like IDP camps and classrooms, worsened by dry, dusty weather,” said Idris.
What Is Cerebrospinal Meningitis (CSM)?
According to the NCDC, meningitis is a life-threatening infection of the brain and spinal cord caused by Neisseria meningitidis. It spreads through sneezing, coughing, and close contact.
Symptoms include:
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High fever
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Stiff neck
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Severe headache
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Vomiting and confusion
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Light sensitivity and seizures (in severe cases)
Without immediate treatment, it can cause brain damage, hearing loss, or death within hours.
NCDC Responds: Vaccines, Surveillance, and Public Awareness
Dr. Idris confirmed that Rapid Response Teams (RRTs) have been deployed to the most affected states. Measures include:
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Mass vaccination campaigns in high-risk LGAs
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Free treatment for confirmed cases in public hospitals
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Strengthened surveillance and laboratory testing
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Nationwide awareness drive via media and community outreach
“Early detection saves lives. We urge all Nigerians to visit health centres at the first sign of symptoms,” Idris said.
He added that vaccines are available nationwide, and parents must ensure their children are vaccinated.
Expert Insight: We Were Unprepared — Prof. Tanimola Akande
Public health expert Prof. Tanimola Akande from the University of Ilorin says the scale of this outbreak is due to a lack of pre-season vaccinations.
“We should’ve rolled out vaccines ahead of the outbreak. This is a recurring issue in northern Nigeria. Every year, we wait for people to die before we act,” he said.
Akande also blamed poor ventilation, overcrowded housing, and weak hygiene practices as major contributors. He urged:
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Improved housing and airflow in rural areas
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Consistent vaccination programmes, not reactive ones
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Public sensitization on symptoms and prevention
WHO: Meningitis Is a Global Public Health Threat
The World Health Organisation (WHO) identifies bacterial meningitis as the most severe and deadly form of the disease, particularly in Africa’s meningitis belt — of which Nigeria is a part.
What You Can Do: Prevention & Emergency Contact
To prevent further spread:
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Get vaccinated at your nearest health centre
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Avoid overcrowded spaces and ensure proper ventilation
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Wash hands regularly and cover mouth/nose when coughing or sneezing
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Report any suspected case immediately
📞 For emergencies, call the NCDC helpline: 6232
“This is a preventable crisis. Let’s not wait until it gets worse. Stay alert, get vaccinated, and save lives,” Dr. Idris warned.
